aph 1914 pg-45

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OK, the truth is, this period is quite complex so sorry for the lousy three panel exposition.

In 1878 the Treaty of San Stefano ended the Russo-Turkish War. Russia imposed severe conditions to the Ottoman Empire and giving large territorial benefits to Bulgaria. Fearing the increase of Russian influence in the Balkans, Austria-Hungary and Great Britain opposed to this Treaty. The result was the signing of a new Treaty in Berlin the same year, hosted by Otto von Bismarck. The Treaty of Berlin was instead clearly favorable to Austro-Hungarian interests.
Russia considers this a hostile action, so, he leaves the Three Emperors League.

The trio downs to two---> DUAL ALLIANCE (1879) among Germany and Austria, who want to preserve themselves from a possible Russian attack. And, in case of attack from a third nation, promise to keep neutrality.

Meanwhile, Russia is alone and, before he gets closer to France, Bismarck decides to regain him as an ally. In 1881, and secretly from Austria, Bismarck convinces the new Russian Tsar Aleksandr III to come back to the League.

TRIPLE ALLIANCE---> In 1882, Italy is in bad terms with France because of the colonies in Northern Africa. Secretly from Russia, there´s a new alliance signed by Italy, Austria and Germany.

(aw, it´s  Ludwig and Feli )


Bismarck gets what he always wanted: conservative policies for keeping the peace among European nations and an isolated France. Everything is peachy. Though, in 1887 a new treaty is signed:

THE REINSURANCE TREATY

Bismarck suspects Russia could be approaching to France, so Germany signs a new treaty with Russia secretly from Austria. In case of Austro-Russian war, Germany promises to remain neutral, and Russia promises to remain its neutrality in case of a French-German war.